Abstract The segmentation of athlete knee joint injury images can provide doctors with information about the location and extent of the athlete knee joint injury. Therefore, it is significant to segment the images of athlete knee joint injury. However, the traditional image segmentation method of athlete knee injury has the problems of low accuracy of mask region extraction, completion time of extraction and high error rate of segmentation. In the paper, we propose image segmentation method for athlete knee joint injury using the transformer model by the medical Internet of Things (MIoT). First, the MIoT was used as a way to obtain images of knee joint injury of athletes, and the images of knee joint injury of athletes were derived using the MIoT. Second, the exported image is input into the shadow expansion layer of the transformer model, which performs shadow expansion on the athlete knee joint injury image to obtain its mask region, and then the image is input into the patch embedding layer. Finally, after the patch embedding layer extracts the mask patch of the athlete knee joint injury image, the mask patch is input into the transformer block for down-sampling and up-sampling processing, and then the athlete knee joint injury image segmentation result is output using the end backpropagation layer. The results show that the proposed method has a low error rate in extracting the mask region from the knee joint injury image of athletes, and a short completion time for extracting the mask region, the most detailed and comprehensive segmented athlete knee joint injury image, the maximum error rate of image segmentation is only 6.8%, and the maximum value of segmentation time is only 3.96s. It has important research value in the field of athlete knee joint injury diagnosis.

Resumen El cáncer es una enfermedad compleja, heterogénea y dinámica, caracterizada por una mitosis descontrolada. Históricamente, se ha tratado con cirugía, radioterapia y quimioterapia, y en años más recientes mediante la inmunoterapia. Para ello, se han investigado distintas proteínas para la modulación de la respuesta inmune. Un grupo de estas son las C-ficocianinas, biliproteinas proveniente de microalgas verde azuladas como Spirulina platensis. El ambiente antiinflamatorio en personas sanas es una medida profiláctica para disminuir el riesgo de desarrollar un determinado tipo de cáncer. Su ingesta ha mostrado ese comportamiento, al suprimir la liberación de sustancias proinflamatorias. También se ha apreciado un efecto inmunomodulador al aumentar o disminuir la expresión de CD59, así como al ocasionar la proliferación de macrófagos y la liberación de sustancias inflamatorias. Esto último es un indicativo de que no se cuenta con información suficiente para corroborar su uso como opción profiláctica o terapéutica contra el cáncer. Por ello, es trascendental la información sobre sustancias naturales como estas, porque aunque se ven más atractivas para tratar dicha enfermedad, no existen efectos terapéuticos totalmente comprobados.

Abstract Cancer is a complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic disease, characterized by uncontrolled mitosis. Historically, it has been treated with surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and immunotherapy in more recent years. For this, different proteins have been investigated for the modulation of the immune response. A group of these are C-phycocyanins, biliproteins from bluish-green microalgae such as Spirulina platensis. The anti-inflammatory environment in healthy people is a prophylactic measure to reduce the risk of developing a specific cancer type. Its intake has shown that behavior, by suppressing the release of pro-inflammatory substances. An immunomodulatory effect has also been appreciated by increasing or decreasing the expression of CD59, and causing the macrophage proliferation and the release of inflammatory substances. The latter is an indication that there is insufficient information to corroborate its use as a prophylactic or therapeutic option against cancer. Therefore, the information about natural substances such as these ones are transcendental, because although they are more attractive to treat said disease, there are no fully proven therapeutic effects.